Original articleRisk Factors for Incident Open-angle Glaucoma: The Barbados Eye Studies
Section snippets
Background
The major aims of the BESs were to determine prevalence, incidence, progression, and risk factors for the main eye diseases in Barbados, West Indies, a country where most persons (>90%) are of African descent. The background and methods of this National Eye Institute-funded study have been reported previously.4, 5, 6, 7 In summary, the BESs include a cohort of 4709 persons, identified through a simple random sample of the country’s population, 40 to 84 years of age, with 84% participation. By
Results
As shown in Table 1, the 3222 persons at risk of developing definite OAG at baseline had a median age of 56.9 years, 41% were male, and 7% had a family history of glaucoma. Diabetes and hypertension were common, at 17% and 52%, respectively. The median IOP was 17.7 mmHg and the median CCT (among the subset with pachymetry) was 537 μm. Table 1 also provides descriptive data on the BP and ocular perfusion pressure values in this population.
Over the 9-year follow-up, 125 persons developed definite
Discussion
After a follow-up of 9 years, we found a high OAG incidence of 4.4% in this African-descent population, averaging about 0.5% per year.5 In comparison, data from European-derived populations, although based on a small number of incident cases, suggest rates of 0.1% to 0.3% per year.1, 2, 3 What is the explanation for the higher risk observed? Aside from a true difference in the magnitude of the risk, possible explanations include differences in OAG classification criteria, data collection
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Manuscript no. 2006-1195.
Supported by the National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (grant nos. EY07625, EY07617).